Abstract Herbicide mineralization in the soil is affected by several factors, including the herbicide application history of the soil, soil moisture, and whether the herbicide is co-applied with another herbicide. The objective of this work was to evaluate S-metolachlor mineralization in the soil as affected by soil moisture content, history of herbicide application, and association with glyphosate. 14C-S-metolachlor mineralization increased with increasing soil moisture content. The average cumulative mineralization of S-metolachlor at 63 days of incubation was 0.03, 0.80, and 1.80% in air-dried, field capacity, and saturated soil, respectively. The mineralization rate of S-metolachlor was greater under saturated conditions and affected by the association with glyphosate. Greater mineralization of S-metolachlor occurred in cornfield soil with a history of S-metolachlor application. The average cumulative mineralization was 0.24% in cornfield and 0.89% in non-cultivated area. We can conclude that the higher the soil moisture content the higher S-metolachlor mineralization and that the mixture of this herbicide with glyphosate increased its degradation compared to the application of the herbicide alone. While there is evidence suggesting enhanced degradation of S-metolachlor in soil previously subjected to corn cultivation and S-metolachlor application, drawing a definitive conclusion is challenging due to the influence of sorption observed in our dataset.

No período de março de 2004 a janeiro de 2005 foi avaliada a resistência de 48 cultivares comerciais de soja a Colletotrichum truncatum. Plântulas de soja foram inoculadas no estádio V1/V2 e, após as inoculações, foram mantidas em casa de vegetação, sob condições de umidade relativa do ar acima de 95%, durante 10 dias. Após esse período, as plântulas foram avaliadas para determinar a reação das cultivares. A severidade dos sintomas foi obtida pela avaliação das lesões nas folhas, determinando-se os graus de resistência das plântulas através de uma escala de notas de severidade, com valores de 1 a 9. Somente as cultivares Tabarana, Cometa e EMGOPA 316 foram suscetíveis a Colletotrichum truncatum.

During the period between March, 2004 and January 2005, the reaction of 48 commercial cultivars of soybean to Colletotrichum truncatum was evaluated in the greenhouse facilities of the Universidade Federal de Santa Maria. The seedlings were inoculated in the stadium V1/V2 . After inoculation, plants were kept in the greenhouse under a relative humidity of 95% for 10 days, before evaluation. After that period, the seedlings were evaluated to determine the reaction of cultivars. Seedlings were evaluated for disease reaction according to a scale with values from 1 to 9. Only the cultivars Tabarana, Cometa and Emgopa 316 showed to be susceptible to Colletotrichum truncatum.